What is a broken link?
A broken link is a link that no longer reaches a working page. Clicking it returns an error instead of content, usually a 404 because the page was deleted or its URL changed, or a server error, or nothing at all because the domain has expired. Links break on their own over time as other sites reorganise, which is why a page that was fine last year may not be now. Images and scripts break the same way.
Do broken links hurt SEO?
Broken internal links do hurt, because they waste crawl budget, break the flow of link value through your site and leave visitors at dead ends. Broken outbound links are a smaller issue on their own, but a page full of them signals neglect and looks like low-quality content to both readers and search engines. There is no specific penalty for a single dead link. The damage is cumulative and mostly shows up as worse user experience and weaker internal linking.
What is a 404 error?
A 404 is the HTTP status code a server returns when the page you asked for does not exist. It usually means the page was deleted, moved without a redirect, or the URL was typed or linked wrongly. A 404 is a normal and correct response for a URL that genuinely has no content. The problem is not the code itself but pages on your site still linking to it.
How do I find broken links on my website?
Crawl the site and check the status code of every link it contains. A link checker follows your internal links page by page, requests each destination and reports anything returning a 4xx or 5xx code or failing to resolve. Google Search Console will also show 404s it has encountered, though only for URLs it already knows about. Doing it yourself catches links that were never crawled and gives you the source page and anchor text for each one.
How do I fix broken links?
Redirect or replace them. If the page moved, add a 301 redirect from the old URL to the new one so links and rankings carry over. If it is gone for good, point the link at the closest relevant page, or remove it if nothing fits. For broken links to other people's sites, find the current URL, swap in a different source, or delete the link.
What is link rot?
Link rot is the gradual decay of links across the web as pages are deleted, moved or their domains lapse. Studies of long-lived web content have found a substantial share of links stop working within a decade, with news and academic citations hit particularly hard. Nothing you do to your own site prevents it, since the failures happen at the other end. The only answer is checking outbound links periodically.
What is the difference between a 404 and a 410?
A 404 means the page is not found and might come back, while a 410 means it was deliberately removed and is not coming back. Search engines treat 410 as a stronger signal and typically drop the URL from the index faster. Use 410 when you have permanently retired content with no replacement, and a 301 redirect when there is a suitable page to send people to.
How often should you check for broken links?
Monthly is enough for most sites, and quarterly is fine for a small site that rarely changes. Check after any migration, redesign or bulk content change, because those are when internal links break in numbers. Large sites and anything with lots of outbound references benefit from a scheduled crawl, since external links break without warning.